The cervical vertebrae (C1-C7)
The cervical vertebrae (C1-C7) are the first seven vertebrae in the vertebral column, located in the neck region. They are part of the axial skeleton and have unique features that allow for a wide range of movement, including nodding and rotating the head. Here's an overview of each cervical vertebra and their characteristics:
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| The cervical column-nursing-course |
C1 - Atlas:
The atlas is the first cervical vertebra (C1) and is named after the mythological figure who held up the world.
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| The cervical column/atlas-nursing-course |
It lacks a vertebral body and has a ring-like structure with an anterior and posterior arch, forming the "no" motion of the head.
The atlas articulates with the occipital condyles of the skull, allowing for the nodding (flexion and extension) movement of the head.
C2 - Axis:
The axis is the second cervical vertebra (C2).
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| The cervical column/axis-nursing-course |
It has a distinctive peg-like projection called the odontoid process or dens, which protrudes upward from the body of the axis and fits into the atlas.
The dens acts as a pivot point, allowing the atlas and skull to rotate around it. This rotation enables the "yes" motion of the head.
C3-C7 - Typical Cervical Vertebrae:
These vertebrae (C3 to C7) have certain common features that distinguish them from other vertebrae:
They have small vertebral bodies.
They possess transverse foramina in the transverse processes, which provide passages for the vertebral arteries and veins that supply blood to the brain.
They have bifid spinous processes, meaning the tip of the process is split into two branches.
The cervical vertebrae collectively facilitate various movements of the neck, including flexion, extension, lateral flexion (side bending), and rotation.
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